What are the performance changes of electrical nonwoven fabrics under high-temperature environments?

2025-12-03 14:18:59

The performance changes of electrical nonwoven fabrics under high-temperature environments are mainly reflected in their mechanical properties, insulation properties, and dimensional stability. As temperature increases, the molecular chain mobility of polyester fibers increases, potentially leading to material softening or deformation. At high temperatures, the tensile strength and tear strength of nonwoven fabrics typically decrease, especially near the glass transition temperature of polyester, where this change is more pronounced. Therefore, in high-temperature applications, it is necessary to select polyester varieties with better heat resistance or add heat-resistant additives.

Insulation performance is a key indicator for electrical nonwoven fabrics, and high temperatures can affect their dielectric strength and dielectric loss. Polyester fibers may experience increased polarization at high temperatures, leading to increased dielectric loss. Simultaneously, high temperatures may accelerate oxidation reactions on the fiber surface, forming conductive channels and reducing insulation performance. To maintain insulation performance at high temperatures, it is usually necessary to enhance the material's stability by adding antioxidants or using high-temperature resistant coatings.

Dimensional stability is another important consideration for electrical nonwoven fabrics in high-temperature environments. High temperatures may cause fibers to shrink or expand, especially under conditions of humidity variation. This dimensional change can affect the installation and sealing effectiveness of nonwoven fabrics in electrical equipment. The impact of high temperatures on dimensional stability can be reduced through heat setting processes or the addition of dimensional stabilizers.

Furthermore, high temperatures can accelerate the aging process of electrical nonwoven fabrics, leading to color changes or surface powdering. Prolonged exposure to high temperatures will gradually degrade the mechanical and insulating properties of the material. Therefore, in high-temperature applications, the condition of the nonwoven fabric needs to be checked regularly to ensure its performance meets requirements. In summary, the performance changes of electrical nonwoven fabrics at high temperatures are complex, and their high-temperature resistance needs to be improved through material modification and process optimization.